ICT Development

When traced back, there are several milestone developments in technology that significantly contributes to the existence of ICT today. The first is finding telephone by Alexander Graham Bell in 1875. The findings are then followed up with the deployment of communication networks with a cable wrapped around the entire American continent, and even then followed the installation of trans-Atlantic communications cable. This is the first massive infrastructure that was built humans to global communication. Entering the 20th century, precisely between the years 1910 to 1920, realized wireless voice transmission through the first AM radio broadcast (Lallana, 2003:5). Wireless voice communications quickly growing rapidly, and then even followed by audio-visual transmission without cables, a form of broadcast television in the 1940s. The first electronic computer operations in 1943, followed by stages miniature of electronic components through the discovery of the transistor in 1947, and integrated circuit (integrated electronics) in 1957. The development of electronics technology, which is the cornerstone of ICT at this time, get a golden moment in the cold war.

Science and technology competition between the Western bloc (United States) and Eastern Bloc (former USSR) actually spur technological development through the efforts of electronic miniaturization of electronic circuit for controlling the spacecraft as well as the machines of war. Miniaturization of electronic components, through the creation of an integrated circuit, at its peak gave birth to a microprocessor. Microprocessor that is the 'brains' of computer hardware, and continue to evolve until today.

On the other hand, the rapidly growing telecommunications device when it began to implement digital technology replaces analog technology that has shown maximum limits of its exploration. Digitalization of telecommunications equipment and computers converge with that from the beginning is a device that adopts digital technology. This convergence product that currently appear in the form of a cell phone. On top of telecommunications and computing infrastructure this is the content of the content (content) in the form of multimedia messages, get a great place to grow. Telecommunications convergence of multimedia computing is the primary characteristic of the 21st century, as the 18th century is characterized by the industrial revolution. When the industrial revolution to make the machines as a substitute for 'muscle' human so digital revolution (for multimedia convergence-telecommunication computation) occur through the implementation of digital technology) to create machines that replace (or at least improve the ability of) the 'brains' of man.

Indonesia has used the term telematics (Telematics) for the purpose of more or less the same with the ICT that we know today. Encarta Dictionary describes as telecommunication + informatics Telematics (telecommunication + informatics) despite earlier word meaning science of data transmission. Processing and distribution of information through telecommunications networks open many opportunities to be utilized in various fields of human life, including education. Ideas for using machine-learning, making simulation of complex processes, animation difficult processes described, very attractive interest learning practitioners. Additionally, the possibility to serve the learning that is not constrained time and place also can be facilitated by ICT. In line with that start popping up various jargon beginning with E, ranging from e-books, e-learning, e-laboratory, e-education, e-Library, and so forth. The prefix e-means which is implicitly understood electronics technology based on digital electronics.